With new momentum between Damascus and Baghdad, we examine the feasibility, costs, and implications of reviving the Kirkuk-Baniyas pipeline.

In 2025, the Central Bank announced the unification of official exchange rates and imposed a fixed trading margin between the official and black market rates. How did it track along in reality?

China’s mood toward Damascus is improving. Private trade and investment are recovering, but Beijing’s security and economic calculus continue to cap cooperation.

The suspension of many U.S. sanctions removed a layer of complex regulatory restrictions. However, remaining tariff and non-tariff barriers continue to keep Syrian exports commercially unviable.

Mapping nighttime light provides a rare insight into Syria’s recovery. Analysis shows that government-controlled cities are experiencing a surge, whereas As-Suwayda stands as a glaring outlier.